Vascular Plants

Includes all flowering plants, conifers, ferns and fern-allies.

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Common names beginning with D:
193 common names
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Index to common names:
daffodil, daggerpod, daisy, dandelion, darnel, dead-nettle, death-camas, deeproot, deer horn, deer's tongue, deer's-foot, deer-cabbage, deerbrush, deervetch, desert-parsley, desert-trumpets, devil's-club, devil-in-the-bush, dewberry, dill, ditch-grass, dittander, dock, dodder, dogbane, dogfennel, dogtail, dogwood, Douglas-fir, Douglasberry, douglasia, doveweed, downingia, draba, dragonhead, dream, dropseed, dryas, drymocallis, duck's-bill, duckmeal, duckweed, dunegrass, Dutchman's-breeches, dwarf mistletoe, dwarf-primrose, dwarf-snapdragon, dye
Daffodil (Narcissus pseudonarcissus)
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in lowland western Washington; Washington to California, east to Idaho; also in eastern North America.
Habitat: Roadsides, fields, pastures, forest edge, and waste places.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: March-April
Growth Duration: Perennial
Hybrid daffodil (Narcissus ×incomparabilis)
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in lowland western Washington and in the Columbia River Gorge; southwestern British Columbia to southwestern Oregon
Habitat: Fields, roadsides, forest edge, and other disturbed areas at low elevation.
Origin: Introduced to gardens from Europe
Flowers: March-April
Growth Duration: Perennial
Nonesuch daffodil (Narcissus ×incomparabilis)
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in lowland western Washington and in the Columbia River Gorge; southwestern British Columbia to southwestern Oregon
Habitat: Fields, roadsides, forest edge, and other disturbed areas at low elevation.
Origin: Introduced to gardens from Europe
Flowers: March-April
Growth Duration: Perennial
Daggerpod (Phoenicaulis cheiranthoides)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to California, east to Idaho and Nevada.
Habitat: Shrub-steppe and open ponderosa pine forests.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Columbia River daisy (Columbiadoria hallii)
Distribution: Occurring in the east end of the Columbia River Gorge in Washington; Washington to Oregon.
Habitat: Dry, open or sparsely wooded slopes at low elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: August-October
Growth Duration: Perennial
Cutleaf daisy (Erigeron compositus)
Distribution: Widely distributed on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to the northern Great Plains, also in northern and eastern Canada.
Habitat: Sandy riverbanks at low elevations to rocky outcrops at mid- to high elevation in the mountains
Origin: Native
Flowers: May - August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Davis's daisy (Erigeron davisii)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in southeastern Washington; southeastern Washington to northeastern Oregon and adjacent Idaho.
Habitat: Rocky ridges and slopes.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Desert yellow daisy (Erigeron linearis)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; southern British Columbia to California, east to Montana, Wyoming, and Utah.
Habitat: Dry, open, often rocky areas at low to middle elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
English daisy (Bellis perennis)
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to the Rocky Mountains, and in central and eastern U.S.
Habitat: Fields, parks, lawns, balds, wastelots, and other disturbed or cultivated areas, usually where moist.
Origin: Introduced
Flowers: March-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Hairy-seeded daisy (Erigeron poliospermus)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to Oregon, east to western Idaho.
Habitat: Dry, open, typically rocky areas, often with sagebrush.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Lawn daisy (Bellis perennis)
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to the Rocky Mountains, and in central and eastern U.S.
Habitat: Fields, parks, lawns, balds, wastelots, and other disturbed or cultivated areas, usually where moist.
Origin: Introduced
Flowers: March-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Northern daisy (Erigeron nivalis)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Rocky soil areas from middle elevations in the mountains to the subalpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Biennial, Perennial
Oxeye daisy (Leucanthemum vulgare)
Distribution: Widely distributed on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east across most of North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Open, disturbed areas including roadsides, pastures, prairies, grasslands and wastelots.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: May-October
Growth Duration: Perennial
Shasta daisy (Leucanthemum ×superbum)
Distribution: Occurring in lowlands in western Washington; British Columbia to Oregon, also in eastern North America.
Habitat: Disturbed areas where often escaped from cultivation.
Origin: Introduced
Flowers: May-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Showy daisy (Erigeron speciosus)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to Oregon, Nevada, and Arizona, east to the Rocky Mountains and northern Great Plains.
Habitat: Prairies and forest openings from the lowlands to middle elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Showy Townsend daisy (Townsendia florifera)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to Oregon and Nevada, east to Montana, Wyoming, and Utah.
Habitat: Dry-open places in the plains and foothills, often with sagebrush.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
White doll's daisy (Boltonia asteroides)
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest along the lower Columbia River in southwestern Washington; southwestern Washington to adjacent northwestern Oregon, otherwise native from the Great Plains to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Lowland flood plains and wet meadows.
Origin: Introduced from central and eastern North America
Flowers: July-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Alpine dandelion (Taraxacum scopulorum)
Distribution: Likely restricted to the North Cascades in Washington; British Columbia to Washington, east to Alberta, Montana, Idaho, Utah, Wyoming, and Colorado,
Habitat: Rocky sites in the alpine.
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Common dandelion (Taraxacum officinale)
Distribution: Widely distributed on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east across North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Common in disturbed areas, fields, lawns, from the coast to the alpine.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: March-October
Growth Duration: Perennial
Dwarf alpine dandelion (Taraxacum alaskanum)
Distribution: Occuring only in North Cascades in Washington; Alaska to Washington, also in Russian Far East.
Habitat: Rocky, exposed areas in alpine habitatas.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Horned dandelion (Taraxacum ceratophorum)
Distribution: Occurring in mountainous areas on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Northwest Territory to Washington, east to Rocky Mountains; east across Canada to Greenland.
Habitat: Rocky, open areas in the alpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Red-seeded dandelion (Taraxacum erythrospermum)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east across much of North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Meadows, grasslands, prairies, and other open areas, typically where some level of disturbance present.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: April-October
Growth Duration: Perennial
Weevil prairie dandelion (Nothocalais troximoides)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to Montana, Wyoming and Utah.
Habitat: Dry, open areas from and foothills, especially in lithosol.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Darnel (Lolium temulentum)
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; Yukon Territory to California, east across North America to the Atlantic.
Habitat: Disturbed ground, pastures, and roadsides.
Origin: Introduced from the Mediterranean
Flowers: May-June
Growth Duration: Annual
Common dead-nettle (Lamium amplexicaule)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east across most of North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Weed in distrurbed areas, fields, lawns.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: April-July
Growth Duration: Annual, Biennial
Cutleaf dead-nettle (Lamium hybridum)
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; southwestern British Columbia to California; also in southern and eastern North America.
Habitat: Field, roadsides, wastelots, and other disturbed areas.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: March-May
Growth Duration: Annual
Red dead-nettle (Lamium purpureum)
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; widely distributed throughout much of North America.
Habitat: Roadsides, fields, lawns, parks, wastelots, and other disturbed areas at lower elevations.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: March-July
Growth Duration: Annual
Yellow dead-nettle (Lamium galeobdolon)
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, also in eastern North America.
Habitat: Lowland forest understory, often where disturbed.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Glaucous death-camas (Anticlea elegans)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to Oregon and Nevada, east across much of North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Meadow, open forests and rocky slopes, mid- to high elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Meadow death-camas (Toxicoscordion venenosum)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; southern British Columbia to California, east to the Rocky Mountains and northern Great Plains.
Habitat: Grasslands, balds, prairies, and ponderosa pine forest openings, from the coast to middle elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Panicled death-camas (Toxicoscordion paniculatum)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; north-central Washington to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Grassy slopes, sagebrush desert, and ponderosa or lodgepole pine forest openings.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Deeproot (Iva axillaris)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; southern British Columbia to California, east to the Rocky Mountains, Great Plains, and Great Lakes region.
Habitat: Dry, often alkaline places, in the valleys, plains and foothills.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Deer horn (Clarkia pulchella)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to Oregon, east to South Dakota.
Habitat: Dry, open slopes, low to middle elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-June
Growth Duration: Annual
Deer's tongue (Erythronium oregonum)
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in the Puget Sound lowlands and east in the Columbia River Gorge in Washington; British Columbia to California.
Habitat: Prairies, rocky balds, moist woods; at low elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: March-May
Growth Duration: Perennial
California deer's-foot (Achlys californica)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades and in the Olympic Mountains in Washington; British Columbia to California.
Habitat: Moist areas in deep woods to open parks.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Deer's-foot (Achlys triphylla)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California.
Habitat: Moist areas in deep woods to forest openings.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Deer-cabbage (Nephrophyllidium crista-galli)
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest along the coast in Washington; Alaska to Oregon; Japan.
Habitat: Bogs, swamps, and wet meadows.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Deerbrush (Ceanothus integerrimus)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in south-central Washington; south-central Washington to California.
Habitat: Dry, open forests and open areas at low to moderate elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Big deervetch (Hosackia crassifolia)
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades in Washington; Washington to California.
Habitat: Moist woods and along streams, from sea level to moderate elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Meadow deervetch (Hosackia pinnata)
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest and in the Columbia River Gorge in Washington, but also in far eastern Washington; southwestern British Columbia to California, also in western Idaho.
Habitat: Moist areas and wetlands, lowland to montane.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Bladder desert-parsley (Lomatium utriculatum)
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; southern British Columbia to California.
Habitat: Grassy balds, prairies, meadows, and open slopes, often at low elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Bradshaw's desert-parsley (Lomatium bradshawii)
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Clark County in Washington; southwestern Washington to the Willamette Valley near Eugene, Oregon.
Habitat: Wet meadows at low elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Brandegee's desert-parsley (Lomatium brandegeei)
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; south-central British Columbia to south-central Washington.
Habitat: Open to wooded slopes from middle elevations to the subalpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Butterfly bearing desert-parsley (Lomatium papilioniferum)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; southern British Columbia to California, east to Idaho and Nevada.
Habitat: Sagebrush desert and open slopes at low to moderate elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Canby's desert-parsley (Lomatium canbyi)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington, chiefly in the Columbia River Basin; central Washington to northeastern Nevada, east to southwestern Idaho.
Habitat: Scablands and sagebrush steppe in rather deep soil.
Origin: Native
Flowers: March-April
Growth Duration: Perennial
Cascade desert-parsley (Lomatium martindalei)
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to northern California.
Habitat: Dry meadows and rocky outcroppings from middle elevations to the alpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Columbia Gorge desert-parsley (Lomatium columbianum)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in the south-central and Columbia River Gorge areas in Washington; south-central Washington to Hood River and Wasco counties in Oregon.
Habitat: Open slopes in low elevation valleys to low montane.
Origin: Native
Flowers: March-April
Growth Duration: Perennial
Cous-root desert-parsley (Lomatium cous)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in the southeastern counties in Washington; southeastern Washington to northeast Nevada, east to Montana and Wyoming.
Habitat: Dry, open, often rocky places often with sagebrush; common at low elevations, occasionally found at higher elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Fern-leaved desert parsley (Lomatium dissectum)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; southwestern British Columbia to California, disjunct in west-central Idaho.
Habitat: Open areas from the valleys and foothills to middle elevations in the mountains
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Fern-leaved desert-parsley (Lomatium multifidum)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; southern British Columbia to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Open, often rocky slopes and dry meadows, lowlands to low alpine areas.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Geyer's desert-parsley (Lomatium geyeri)
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; southern British Columbia to Washington, east to Idaho.
Habitat: Deeper soil in low to mid-elevations of open, dry areas, and under Ponderosa pine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: March-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Gorman's desert-parsley (Lomatium gormanii)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to Oregon, east to Idaho.
Habitat: Open slopes and scablands in the foothills, valleys and plains, often with sagebrush.
Origin: Native
Flowers: December-May
Growth Duration: Perennial
Hoover's desert-parsley (Lomatium lithosolamans)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest, where endemic to Kittitas and Yakima counties.
Habitat: Open, rocky, shallow soil on xeric sites at low to middle elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: March-April
Growth Duration: Perennial
Hoover's lomatium (Lomatium tuberosum)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in central Washington, where endemic to Benton, Grant, Kittitas, and Yakima counties. Scattered locations in Yakima County, Washington, and adjacent counties.
Habitat: Rocky slopes and talus fields at middle elevations .
Origin: Native
Flowers: March-April
Growth Duration: Perennial
Klickitat desert-parsley (Lomatium klickitatense)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in the Columbia River Gorge area in Washington; south-central Washington to adjacent Oregon.
Habitat: Dry to seasonally moist, areas and forest openings at low to middle elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-May
Growth Duration: Perennial
Knoke's desert-parsley (Lomatium knokei)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest, where endemic to Kittitas County.
Habitat: Open, vernally wet, gently sloping meadows of fine-textured clay soils at approximately 1200 meters.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Large-fruit desert-parsley (Lomatium macrocarpum)
Distribution: Widely distributed east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to the Rocky Mountains and northern Great Plains.
Habitat: Open, dry, rocky areas at low elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: March-May
Growth Duration: Perennial
Linear-leaved desert-parsley (Lomatium linearifolium)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; central Washington to north-central Oregon, east to Montana and Wyoming.
Habitat: Open slopes and ridges, from low to middle elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: March-May
Growth Duration: Perennial
Nine-leaf desert-parsley (Lomatium simplex)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to Oregon, east to Montana and Colorado.
Habitat: Moderately dry to moist grasslands and forest openings at low to middle elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: March-May
Growth Duration: Perennial
Piper's desert-parsley (Lomatium piperi)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; central Washington to northern California.
Habitat: Sagebrush desert to ponderosa pine forest openings.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Potato desert-parsley (Lomatium tuberosum)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in central Washington, where endemic to Benton, Grant, Kittitas, and Yakima counties. Scattered locations in Yakima County, Washington, and adjacent counties.
Habitat: Rocky slopes and talus fields at middle elevations .
Origin: Native
Flowers: March-April
Growth Duration: Perennial
Ribseed desert-parsley (Lomatium tamanitchii)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest at the east end of the Columbia River Gorge in Washington, where endemic to Klickitat County.
Habitat: Open slopes and valleys, typically in clay-rich, silicic volcanic ash-derived soils at low elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-May
Growth Duration: Perennial
Rollins's desert-parsley (Lomatium rollinsii)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in the southeastern counties in Washington; southeastern Washington to the canyons of the Snake and lower Salmon Rivers in eastern Oregon and western Idaho.
Habitat: Open slopes in grasslands, on rocky or fine-textured, loess-derived soils, from valleys to the montane.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-May
Growth Duration: Perennial
Rone's desert-parsley (Lomatium roneorum)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest, where endemic to Chelan County.
Habitat: Open, rocky slopes in Ponderosa pine forest openings.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Salmon River desert-parsley (Lomatium salmoniflorum)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in the southeastern counties in Washington; southeastern Washington to the Snake and Clearwater rivers in Idaho.
Habitat: Dry, open, rocky slopes.
Origin: Native
Flowers: February-May
Growth Duration: Perennial
Sandberg's desert-parsley (Lomatium sandbergii)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in northeastern Washington; southeastern British Columbia to northeastern Washington, east to southeastern Alberta and northwestern Montana.
Habitat: Rocky slopes and ridges at middle elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Short-leaved desert-parsley (Lomatium brevifolium)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest and in the Columbia River Gorge in Washington; north-central Washington to Hood River and Wasco counties in Oregon.
Habitat: Balds, slopes, and forest openings, often where rocky, from the lowlands to subalpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Slickrock desert-parsley (Lomatium laevigatum)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in south-central Washington; south-central Washington to adjacent Oregon.
Habitat: Crevices is basalt cliffs.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April
Growth Duration: Perennial
Snake Canyon desert-parsley (Lomatium serpentinum)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in the southeastern counties in Washington; southeastern Washington to the Hells Canyon area of Oregon and Idaho.
Habitat: Dry, open, often rocky slopes from lowland valleys to the montane.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Stream bank desert-parsley (Lomatium ambiguum)
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; southern British Columbia to northeast Oregon, east to southeastern Alberta, western Montana, and Wyoming.
Habitat: Open, often rocky slopes and flats, from the foothills to middle elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Biennial, Perennial
Suksdorf's desert-parsley (Lomatium suksdorfii)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington at the east end of the Columbia River Gorge in Klickitat County; south-central Washington to Hood River and Wasco counties in Oregon.
Habitat: Open slopes, forest edge and openings, often where dry, from low to middle elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-May
Growth Duration: Perennial
Swale desert-parsley (Lomatium ambiguum)
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; southern British Columbia to northeast Oregon, east to southeastern Alberta, western Montana, and Wyoming.
Habitat: Open, often rocky slopes and flats, from the foothills to middle elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Biennial, Perennial
Thompson's desert-parsley (Lomatium thompsonii)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington, where endemic to Chelan and Kittitas counties.
Habitat: Open, rocky slopes and ponderosa pine forest openings, from low to middle elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Umptanum desert-parsley (Lomatium quintuplex)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in central Washington, where endemic to eastern Kittitas County and northeastern Yakima County.
Habitat: Generally in lithosol areas in sagebrush desert.
Origin: Native
Flowers: March-May
Growth Duration: Perennial
Watson's desert-parsley (Lomatium watsonii)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in central and south-central Washington; central Washingotn to Wasco County, Oregon.
Habitat: Open hillsides, often with sagebrush, from valleys to subalpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Wenatchee desert-parsley (Lomatium cuspidatum)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest, where endemic to the Wenatchee Mountains of Chelan and Kittitas counties in Washington.
Habitat: Open, rocky slopes, often on serpentine, from middle elevations to the subalpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Bolander's desert-trumpets (Leptosiphon bolanderi)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in the Columbia River Gorge in Washington; Klickitat County, Washington to California.
Habitat: Dry, open places at lower elevations, often on serpentine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-May
Growth Duration: Annual
Flax-flower desert-trumpets (Leptosiphon liniflorus)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to California.
Habitat: open, dry areas in sagebrush flats to Ponderosa pine forests.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June.
Growth Duration: Annual
Harkness's desert-trumpets (Leptosiphon harknessii)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; southern British Columbia to California, east to Idaho and Utah.
Habitat: Drier open places, from the foothills to middle elevations in the mountains, often where moist to wet in spring.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Annual
Northern desert-trumpets (Leptosiphon septentrionalis)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to northern Rocky Mountains and Great Plains.
Habitat: In seasonally wet open plains and slopes from low to moderate elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Annual
Three-seed desert-trumpets (Leptosiphon harknessii)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; southern British Columbia to California, east to Idaho and Utah.
Habitat: Drier open places, from the foothills to middle elevations in the mountains, often where moist to wet in spring.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Annual
Devil's-club (Oplopanax horridus)
Distribution: Widely distributed throughout the forested areas on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to Oregon, east to Alberta and Montana, also in the Great Lakes region.
Habitat: Moist woods at mid-elevations, especially along streams.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Devil-in-the-bush (Nigella damascena)
Distribution: Known sparingly in Washington from lowland areas west of Cascades crest; southwestern British Columbia to California, east across northern U.S. to eastern North America.
Habitat: Yard waste dump sites, disturbed open ground, and other sites were plants escape from cultivation.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: May-September
Growth Duration: Annual
Dewberry (Rubus ursinus)
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to Montana.
Habitat: Open to fairly dense woodlands, thickets, and balds, sea level to middle elevations in the mountains; common in logged areas.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Hairy-fruit smooth dewberry (Rubus lasiococcus)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest and in the Olympic Mountains in Washington; British Columbia to California.
Habitat: Moist to dry woods, lowlands to subalpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Snow dewberry (Rubus nivalis)
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to southwest Oregon, also in west-central Idaho.
Habitat: Open to deeply shaded, usually moist areas in the mountains at middle elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Dill (Anethum graveolens)
Distribution: Occurring in scattered locations on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east across much of North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Roadsides, fields, wastelots, and other disturbed open areas.
Origin: Introduced from Asia
Flowers: May-August
Growth Duration: Annual
Beaked ditch-grass (Ruppia maritima)
Distribution: Occurring along the coast and east of the Cascades crest in Washington, where saline; Alaska to California, inland throughout Canada and the United States to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Coastal in saline or brackish water, inland in ponds, ditches, and lakes.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July - August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Ditch-grass (Ruppia maritima)
Distribution: Occurring along the coast and east of the Cascades crest in Washington, where saline; Alaska to California, inland throughout Canada and the United States to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Coastal in saline or brackish water, inland in ponds, ditches, and lakes.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July - August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Spiral ditch-grass (Ruppia maritima)
Distribution: Occurring along the coast and east of the Cascades crest in Washington, where saline; Alaska to California, inland throughout Canada and the United States to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Coastal in saline or brackish water, inland in ponds, ditches, and lakes.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July - August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Western ditch-grass (Ruppia maritima)
Distribution: Occurring along the coast and east of the Cascades crest in Washington, where saline; Alaska to California, inland throughout Canada and the United States to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Coastal in saline or brackish water, inland in ponds, ditches, and lakes.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July - August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Dittander (Lepidium latifolium)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to the Great Plains and eastern North America.
Habitat: Disturbed, moist areas, irrigated land, stream banks, and drier upland areas.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Bitter dock (Rumex obtusifolius)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades in Washington; Alaska to California, east to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Moist roadsides and wasteland.
Origin: Introduced from Euraisa
Flowers: March-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Clustered dock (Rumex conglomeratus)
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to Nevada and Arizona; also in eastern North America.
Habitat: A weed of waste ground.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Curly dock (Rumex crispus)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east across North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Meadows, fields, roadsides, wastelots, and other disturbed, open areas.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Biennial, Perennial
Fleshy willow dock (Rumex crassus)
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest along the outer coast in Washington; Washington to California.
Habitat: Coastal dunes, sandy shores, and marshes
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Golden dock (Rumex maritimus)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to eastern North America except for southeastern U.S.
Habitat: Shores, wetlands, and disturbed ground.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Annual, Biennial
Narrow-leaved dock (Rumex stenophyllus)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to Alberta, Montana, and Wyoming, scattered eastward to the eastern U.S.
Habitat: Dune swales, marshes, shores, fens, and ditches.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Narrowleaf dock (Rumex stenophyllus)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to Alberta, Montana, and Wyoming, scattered eastward to the eastern U.S.
Habitat: Dune swales, marshes, shores, fens, and ditches.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Patience dock (Rumex patientia)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to Oregon, east to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Roadsides and other disturbed, open ground
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: May-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Red-vein dock (Rumex sanguineus)
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; southwestern British Columbia to Oregon, also in eastern North America.
Habitat: sSream banks, disturbed ground, shores, and marshes.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Seashore dock (Rumex persicarioides)
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest along the coast in Washington; British Columbia to California, also in eastern North America.
Habitat: Beaches, shores, and slightly saline marshes.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Sharp dock (Rumex conglomeratus)
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to Nevada and Arizona; also in eastern North America.
Habitat: A weed of waste ground.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Sour dock (Rumex crispus)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east across North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Meadows, fields, roadsides, wastelots, and other disturbed, open areas.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Biennial, Perennial
Toothed dock (Rumex dentatus)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to California, east across North America in scattered locations to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Ditches, shores, and ballast.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Biennial, Perennial
Veiny dock (Rumex venosus)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alberta to California, east to the Rocky Mountains and Great Plains.
Habitat: Sand dunes and sandy river banks to dry, gravelly soil, sagebrush deserts and grasslands at low elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Western dock (Rumex occidentalis)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to the Rocky Mountains, northern Great Plains, Great Lakes region, and eastern Canada.
Habitat: Moist to swampy areas and wet meadows, from the sea coast to foothill valleys.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Willow dock (Rumex salicifolius)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to the Atlantic Coast
Habitat: Streambanks, moist meadows, beaches, alkaline shores, roadsides, and other open places from low to moderate elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Winged dock (Rumex venosus)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alberta to California, east to the Rocky Mountains and Great Plains.
Habitat: Sand dunes and sandy river banks to dry, gravelly soil, sagebrush deserts and grasslands at low elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Yellow dock (Rumex persicarioides)
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest along the coast in Washington; British Columbia to California, also in eastern North America.
Habitat: Beaches, shores, and slightly saline marshes.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Alfalfa dodder (Cuscuta approximata)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to the Great Plains.
Habitat: Agricultural fields, often on alfalfa, and other disturbed, open areas.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia and northern Africa
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Annual, Perennial
Buttonbush dodder (Cuscuta cephalanthi)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east across most of North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Tideflat and floodplains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
California dodder (Cuscuta californica)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; eastern Washington to California, east to Utah and Arizona.
Habitat: Drying shores, grassy slopes.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Annual
Chaparral dodder (Cuscuta californica)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; eastern Washington to California, east to Utah and Arizona.
Habitat: Drying shores, grassy slopes.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Annual
Clover dodder (Cuscuta epithymum)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades in Washington; British Columbia to California, east across the northern U.S. to northeastern North America.
Habitat: Parasitic on Asteraceae, Fabaceae, Poaceae, Rosaceae, etc.; dunes, floodplains, meadows, and roadsides.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Annual
Common dodder (Cuscuta epithymum)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades in Washington; British Columbia to California, east across the northern U.S. to northeastern North America.
Habitat: Parasitic on Asteraceae, Fabaceae, Poaceae, Rosaceae, etc.; dunes, floodplains, meadows, and roadsides.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Annual
Desert dodder (Cuscuta denticulata)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to Baja California, east to Colorado.
Habitat: Parasitic on Artemisia tridentata, occasionally on other hosts in sagebrush desert.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-August
Growth Duration: Annual
Field dodder (Cuscuta campestris)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; southern British Columbia to California, east to Utah and Texas; also in eastern North America.
Habitat: Shores, floodplains, roadsides, ditches, fields, and other disturbed areas.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Annual
Five-angled dodder (Cuscuta pentagona)
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest and in the Columbia River Gorge in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Parasitic on a variety of hosts.
Origin: Introduced
Flowers: July-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Inelegant dodder (Cuscuta indecora)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to California, east to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Parasitic on alfalfa, Amaranthaceae, Asteraceae, and Polygonaceae, etc.; floodplains, sandbars, and shores.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-September
Growth Duration: Annual
Large-seeded dodder (Cuscuta indecora)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to California, east to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Parasitic on alfalfa, Amaranthaceae, Asteraceae, and Polygonaceae, etc.; floodplains, sandbars, and shores.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-September
Growth Duration: Annual
Mountain dodder (Cuscuta suksdorfii)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to California.
Habitat: Parasitic on Asteraceae and Fabaceae, occasionally other families; montane pond shores, floodplains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Salt marsh dodder (Cuscuta pacifica)
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest along the coast in Washington; British Columbia to Baja California.
Habitat: Coastal marshes and saltwater tideflats.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-October
Growth Duration: Annual
Thyme dodder (Cuscuta epithymum)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades in Washington; British Columbia to California, east across the northern U.S. to northeastern North America.
Habitat: Parasitic on Asteraceae, Fabaceae, Poaceae, Rosaceae, etc.; dunes, floodplains, meadows, and roadsides.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Annual
Western dodder (Cuscuta occidentalis)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to California, east to Idaho and Colorado.
Habitat: Seasonally wet or alkaline meadows, vernal pools, and openings.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Annual
Clasping-leaved dogbane (Apocynum cannabinum)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east across North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Stream banks, moist hillsides and forest openings, fields, and wastelots at low to middle elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Common dogbane (Apocynum cannabinum)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east across North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Stream banks, moist hillsides and forest openings, fields, and wastelots at low to middle elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Flytrap dogbane (Apocynum androsaemifolium)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington, but more common east of the crest; Alaska to California, east across North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Common in forest openings, thickets, hillsides, roadsides, meadows and other open areas with dry soil, from low elevations to nearly subalpine areas.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Hemp dogbane (Apocynum cannabinum)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east across North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Stream banks, moist hillsides and forest openings, fields, and wastelots at low to middle elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Spreading dogbane (Apocynum androsaemifolium)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington, but more common east of the crest; Alaska to California, east across North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Common in forest openings, thickets, hillsides, roadsides, meadows and other open areas with dry soil, from low elevations to nearly subalpine areas.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Western dogbane (Apocynum ×floribundum)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east across North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Dry, open areas, gen in valleys and at lower elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Dogfennel (Anthemis cotula)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east across North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Roadsides, fields, ditches, wastelots, and other disturbed areas generally at low elevations.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: May-October
Growth Duration: Annual
Crested dogtail (Cynosurus cristatus)
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, also in Idaho, Montana, and Colorado.
Habitat: Waste places, old meadows, roadsides, and other disturbed areas.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: June-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Creek dogwood (Cornus occidentalis)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington, through more common west of the crest; Alaska to California, east to Idaho, western Montana, and Nevada.
Habitat: Moist soil, especially along streams, from low to middle elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Mountain dogwood (Cornus nuttallii)
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to Idaho.
Habitat: Open to rather dense damp forests, often along streams.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Nuttall's dogwood (Cornus nuttallii)
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to Idaho.
Habitat: Open to rather dense damp forests, often along streams.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Pacific dogwood (Cornus nuttallii)
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to Idaho.
Habitat: Open to rather dense damp forests, often along streams.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Red-osier dogwood (Cornus stolonifera)
Distribution: Widely distributed on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington, though more common east of the crest; Alaska to California, east to the Great Plains, Great Lakes region, and northeastern North America.
Habitat: Moist soil, especially along streams, from low to middle elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Western flowering dogwood (Cornus nuttallii)
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to Idaho.
Habitat: Open to rather dense damp forests, often along streams.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii)
Distribution: Widely distributed in forested areas on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to Alberta and Colorado.
Habitat: Moist to dry areas from sea level to mid-elevations in the mountains, occasionally to timberline.
Origin: Native
Cones: April-May
Growth Duration: Perennial
Douglasberry (Rubus ursinus)
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to Montana.
Habitat: Open to fairly dense woodlands, thickets, and balds, sea level to middle elevations in the mountains; common in logged areas.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Smooth douglasia (Androsace laevigata)
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to Oregon.
Habitat: Ledges, rocky slopes, moist talus, and ridges, lowland to alpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: March-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Snow douglasia (Androsace nivalis)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington, where endemic to Okanogan, Chelan, Kittitas, and Douglas counties.
Habitat: Sagebrush slopes to alpine ridges and talus, often in serpentine soils.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Doveweed (Croton setigerus)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to Baja California, east to western Idaho and Nevada.
Habitat: Dry, often sandy or rocky areas.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Annual
Common downingia (Downingia elegans)
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington, British Columbia to California, east to Idaho and Nevada.
Habitat: Vernal pools, wet meadows, margins of ponds.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-August
Growth Duration: Annual
Showy downingia (Downingia pulcherrima)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest and in the Columbia River Gorge in Washington; central Washington to northern California.
Habitat: Edge of lakes, ponds, vernal pools, and ditches.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-June
Growth Duration: Annual
Willamette downingia (Downingia willamettensis)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to California.
Habitat: Marshes, wet meadows and edges of ponds.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-August
Growth Duration: Annual
Alaska draba (Draba albertina)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Montane forest openings to alpine meadows.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-August
Growth Duration: Annual, Biennial, Perennial
Coast mountain draba (Draba ruaxes)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in northern Washington; Alaska to Washington, east to Alberta.
Habitat: Rock crevices and slopes at or above timberline.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Few-seeded draba (Draba oligosperma)
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to Colorado.
Habitat: From sagebrush plains to alpine slopes.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Golden draba (Draba aurea)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in north-central Washington; Alaska to north-central Washington, east to the Rocky Mountains; Greenland.
Habitat: Montane forest to alpine ridges or meadows.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Lance-leaved draba (Draba cana)
Distribution: Reported from northern Washington; Alaska to California, east to the Rocky Mountains, northern Great Plains, Great Lakes region, and northeastern North America.
Habitat: On open knolls or dry meadows to rock crevices, from subalpine to alpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Lancefruit draba (Draba lonchocarpa)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to Northwest Territories, south in Rocky mountains to Colorado.
Habitat: Alpine slopes, talus, and rocky outcroppings.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Nuttall's draba (Draba densifolia)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to Alberta, Idaho, Wyoming, Nevada and Utah.
Habitat: Open, rocky places from mid- to high elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Payson's draba (Draba novolympica)
Distribution: Occurring in the Olympics and Cascades mountains of Washington; British Columbia to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Open slopes, talus ridges, and other exposed areas in the alpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Rocky Mountain draba (Draba crassifolia)
Distribution: Occurring in the Olympic Mountains and North Cascades in Washington; Alaska to Washington, Nevada, east to the Rocky Mountains; east across northern Canada to Greenland; northern Europe.
Habitat: Subalpine and alpine meadows, often in rock crevices and outcroppings.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Annual, Perennial
Taylor's draba (Draba taylorii)
Distribution: Occurring along and east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to Washington.
Habitat: Rock crevices, ledges, and benches in the alpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Thick-leaved draba (Draba crassifolia)
Distribution: Occurring in the Olympic Mountains and North Cascades in Washington; Alaska to Washington, Nevada, east to the Rocky Mountains; east across northern Canada to Greenland; northern Europe.
Habitat: Subalpine and alpine meadows, often in rock crevices and outcroppings.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Annual, Perennial
Thompson's draba (Draba thompsonii)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in northern Washington; southern British Columbia to central Washington, disjunct in Yukon Territory.
Habitat: Subalpine to alpine talus slopes and rock crevices.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Woods draba (Draba nemorosa)
Distribution: In scattered locations on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east across the northern half of the U.S. and Canada to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Disturbed open areas and forest edges at low to middle elevations.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: March-June
Growth Duration: Annual
American dragonhead (Dracocephalum parviflorum)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to Oregon and Nevada, east to the Rocky Mountains; also in eastern North America.
Habitat: Open, often moist places at low to middle elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Annual, Biennial, Perennial
Purple dragonhead (Physostegia parviflora)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest and along the Columbia River in Washington; British Columbia to Oregon, east to the Rocky Mountains, Great Plains, and the central U.S.
Habitat: Shores of strams and lakes, marshes, and other low, wet places in the valleys and foothills.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Western false dragonhead (Physostegia parviflora)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest and along the Columbia River in Washington; British Columbia to Oregon, east to the Rocky Mountains, Great Plains, and the central U.S.
Habitat: Shores of strams and lakes, marshes, and other low, wet places in the valleys and foothills.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Indian's dream (Aspidotis densa)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to Idaho, Montana, South Dakota, western Wyoming, and northern Utah; disjunct in Quebec.
Habitat: Cliff crevices and moist, rocky slopes, foothills to near timberline, often on serpentine
Origin: Native
Growth Duration: Perennial
Composite dropseed (Sporobolus compositus)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to Oregon, east across North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Origin: Native
Flowers: August-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Poverty dropseed (Sporobolus vaginiflorus)
Distribution: Occurring in scattered locations on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to Washington and California, east to Idaho and the southwestern U.S.; native from Great Plains east to Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Roadsides, fields, and other disturbed, open areas.
Origin: Introduced from eastern North America
Flowers: July-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Sand dropseed (Sporobolus cryptandrus)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to southern California, east across most of North America to the Atlantic Coast except in the extreme southeastern U.S.
Habitat: Sagebrush desert, especilly where sandy, to the foothills and grassland.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Small dropseed (Sporobolus neglectus)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington and California, eastward from the Rocky Mountains to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Dry pine forest, muddy or sandy riverbanks.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-September
Growth Duration: Annual
Tall dropseed (Sporobolus compositus)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to Oregon, east across North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Origin: Native
Flowers: August-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
White dryas (Dryas hookeriana)
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to Washington, northeast Oregon, and in the Rockies from Northwest Territory to Montana, Idaho, Utah, Wyoming and Colorado.
Habitat: Open, rocky areas, middle to high elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Cordilleran drymocallis (Drymocallis arguta)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to Oregon, Nevada, and Arizona, east to Alberta, Montana, Wyoming, and Colorado.
Habitat: Dry to vernally moist meadows, grasslands, shrub-steppe, open forest, and rocky slopes.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Duck's-bill (Pedicularis ornithorhynchos)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to Washington.
Habitat: Subalpine and alpine meadows.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Common duckmeal (Spirodela polyrhiza)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east across most of North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Quiet water, ponds, marshes and slow-moving streams
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Duckmeal (Spirodela polyrhiza)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east across most of North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Quiet water, ponds, marshes and slow-moving streams
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Common duckweed (Lemna minor)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east across North America to the Atlantic Coast; cosmopolitan.
Habitat: In standing or slow-moving fresh water
Origin: Native
Flowers: June - October
Growth Duration: Perennial
Greater duckweed (Spirodela polyrhiza)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east across most of North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Quiet water, ponds, marshes and slow-moving streams
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Ivy duckweed (Lemna trisulca)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east across much of North America to the Atlantic Coast; cosmopolitan.
Habitat: Quiet streams and standing fresh water.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Ivy-leaved duckweed (Lemna trisulca)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east across much of North America to the Atlantic Coast; cosmopolitan.
Habitat: Quiet streams and standing fresh water.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Least duckweed (Lemna minuta)
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest and in the Columbia River Gorge in Washington; southwestern British Columbia to California, east across the U.S. in scattered locations to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Floating on surface of calm water or on face of vertical rock seeps.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Lesser duckweed (Lemna minor)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east across North America to the Atlantic Coast; cosmopolitan.
Habitat: In standing or slow-moving fresh water
Origin: Native
Flowers: June - October
Growth Duration: Perennial
Star duckweed (Lemna trisulca)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east across much of North America to the Atlantic Coast; cosmopolitan.
Habitat: Quiet streams and standing fresh water.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Turion duckweed (Lemna turionifera)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east across much of North America to the Atlantic Coast; also in Eurasia.
Habitat: In standing or slow-moving fresh water.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-October
Growth Duration: Perennial
American dunegrass (Leymus mollis)
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington along the immediate marine coastline; Alaska to California, east across Canada to the Great Lakes region and northeastern North America.
Habitat: Coastal sand dunes, marshes, and headlands, where tolerant of salt water.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Dutchman's-breeches (Dicentra cucullaria)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in southeastern Washington and in the Columbia River Gorge; Washington to Oregon, east to Idaho, also widespread in eastern North America.
Habitat: Moist woods and gravelly banks at low elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: March-May
Growth Duration: Perennial
Douglas-fir dwarf mistletoe (Arceuthobium douglasii)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Parasitic primarily on Pseudotsuga menziesii, rarely on adjacent Abies and Picea.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Hemlock dwarf mistletoe (Arceuthobium tsugense)
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; southeastern Alaska to California.
Habitat: Parasitic primarily on Abies amabilis, A. procera, and occasionally adjacent A. grandis.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Larch dwarf mistletoe (Arceuthobium laricis)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to Oregon, east to Idaho and Montana.
Habitat: Primarily on Larix occidentalis and Tsuga mertensiana, occasionally on adjacent Pinus contorta, P. ponderosa, and Abies lasiocarpa, not on Tsuga heterophylla.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Lodgepole pine dwarf mistletoe (Arceuthobium americanum)
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades rest in Washington; southern British Columbia to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Parasitic on Pinus, usually on Pinus contorta.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April- June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Western dwarf mistletoe (Arceuthobium campylopodum)
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; eastern Washington to California, east to northern and central Idaho.
Habitat: Parasitic primarily on Pinus ponderosa, occasionally on adjacent P. contorta vars. latifolia and murrayana and rarely on P. lambertiana, not known on Tsuga or Larix;
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
White fir dwarf mistletoe (Arceuthobium abietinum)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in southern Washington; southern Washington to California, east to Utah, Nevada, and Arizona.
Habitat: Primarily on Abies grandis and A. concolor in our area, rarely on adj A. amabilis and Pinus spp. in Oregon Cascades.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Cliff dwarf-primrose (Androsace laevigata)
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to Oregon.
Habitat: Ledges, rocky slopes, moist talus, and ridges, lowland to alpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: March-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Dwarf-snapdragon (Chaenorhinum minus)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to Oregon; east across much of North America to tha Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Roadside, disturbed open areas, waste ground.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: May-October
Growth Duration: Annual
Yellow dye (Reseda luteola)
Distribution: Occurring in scattered locations on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California; scattered locations in central and eastern North America.
Habitat: Disturbed ground at low elevations.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: May-September
Growth Duration: Biennial
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